I interned in 00. I never touched a field or application where that really comes into play. You took the customers specs and turned it into a series of systems to achieve his goals. It had to work and work right. Rule #1. But we were a consultant. Provide engineering consultation for ANYTHING, like the bronze statues outside the Blackhawks United Center, but power production was 90% of our workload in the US, Canada (sister company in Edmonton), and an office in India.
I only saw one instance where the customer brought in a third party to "save money" and it bit them in the azz horrendously. From rewriting a rigging procedure (to reduce time spent unloading from a barge) to the way some hp steam drains were routed. It wound up costing them 40% over.
I have a buddy that worked for gm engineering pickup truck cab parts and I talked to him alot and I wanted to blow my head off listening to him talk about work. It made him a nervous type. Not confident. Now he works for Navistar lol
Im glad I got out when I did. Mucho happier.
They probably preach that stuff to us because our University is really close with Peterbilt/PACCAR.